Netter's Cardiology

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• Page 4: Pain of Myocardial Ischemia
• Page 8: Physical Examination: Left-Sided Cardiac Heart Failure
• Page 11: Physical Examination: General Inspection
• Page 12: Important Components of Cardiac Examination
• Page 15: Cardiac Auscultation: Precordial Areas of Auscultation
• Page 16: Maneuvers

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• Page 19: Angina Pectoris
• Page 20: Atherogenesis: Fatty Streak Formation
• Page 21: Atherogenesis: Fibrous Plaque Formation
• Page 23: Atherogenesis: Unstable Plaque Formation
• Page 24: Risk Factors in Coronary Heart Disease
• Page 27: Intravascular Ultrasonography

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• Page 30: Electrocardiographic Leads and Reference Lines
• Page 31: Relation of Action Potential From the Various Cardiac Regions to the Body Surface ECG
• Page 36: Myocardial Ischemia, Injury, and Infarction

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• Page 43: Radiology and Angiocardiography
• Page 44: Radiology and Angiocardiography
• Page 46: Transducer Positions in Echocardiographic Examination
• Page 48: Principles of Doppler Echocardiography
• Page 51: Stress Nuclear Imaging
• Page 52: Imaging Planes Used for MRI

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• Page 54: Coronary Arteries and Cardiac Veins
• Page 55: Coronary Arteries and Cardiac Veins: Variations
• Page 56: Coronary Arteries: Arteriographic Views
• Page 57: Coronary Angiography
• Page 59: Angiographic Demonstration of Subclavian Steal

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• Page 66: Transesophageal Echocardiography
• Page 67: Transesophageal Echocardiography
• Page 68: Exercise and Contrast Echocardiography
• Page 70: Cardiac MRI
• Page 71: Left-Sided Heart Catheterization

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• Page 75: Chronic Stable Angina
• Page 76: Types and Degrees of Coronary Atherosclerotic Narrowing or Occlusion
• Page 76: Pain of Myocardial Ischemia
• Page 78: Hypercholesterolemic Xanthomatosis
• Page 79: Testing to Detect Myocardial Ischemia
• Page 81: Cardiac Risk Factors

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• Page 85: Atherogenesis: Unstable Plaque Formation
• Page 86: Manifestations of Myocardial Infarction
• Page 88: Acute Coronary Syndromes
• Page 90: Acute Coronary Syndromes

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• Page 95: Manifestations of Myocardial Infarction
• Page 96: Localization of Anterior and Posterior Infarcts
• Page 99: Acute Coronary Intervention

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• Page 105: Vascular Access
• Page 106: Performance of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Stent Deployment
• Page 109: Rotational Atherectomy
• Page 110: Example of a Distal Protection Device

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• Page 115: Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (OPCABG)
• Page 117: Remote Closed Chest CPB Surgery-Robot Surgery

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• Page 123: Hypertension and Cardiomyopathy
• Page 124: Cardiac Remodeling Secondary to Volume Overload
• Page 126: Right-sided Heart Failure in a Patient With Dilated Cardiomyopathy
• Page 127: Dilated Cardiomyopathy After Myocardial Infarction

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• Page 129: Heart Disease in Hypertension
• Page 130: Anomalies of the Left Ventricular Outflow Tract
• Page 132: Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

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• Page 136: Idiopathic and Infiltrative Causes of Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
• Page 138: Endomyocardial Causes of Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
• Page 141: Normal Cardiac Blood Flow During Inspiration and Expiration
• Page 142: Comparison of Normal and Pathologic Intracardiac Pressures
• Page 146: Doppler Flow Studies: Comparison of Mitral and Pulmonary Vein Flow Velocities

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• Page 152: Interaction of Affected Proteins in DCM, HCM, and ARVC (Cardiac Muscle Cell)

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• Page 161: Septic Myocarditis
• Page 162: Diptheric and Viral Myocarditis
• Page 163: Myocarditis in Sarcoidosis and Scleroderma

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• Page 169: Left-Sided Heart Failure and Pulmonary Congestion

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• Page 177: Technique of Orthotopic Biatrial Cardiac Transplantation II
• Page 179: Technique of Orthotopic Biatrial Cardiac Transplantation

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• Page 185: Atrial Fibrillation
• Page 188: Complications of Atrial Fibrillation
• Page 192: Surgical Management

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• Page 197: Ventricular Tachycardia
• Page 199: Management of Ventricular Tachycardia
• Page 200: Ventricular Tachycardia (VT)

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• Page 206: Sinus Bradycardia
• Page 207: Supraventricular Rhythms
• Page 208: Atrioventricular Conduction Variations
• Page 209: Atrioventricular Conduction Variations
• Page 211: AV Block
• Page 212: Sinus Arrest and Sinus Block

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• Page 218: Cardiac Syncope: Four-Step Decision Stratech
• Page 219: Syncope: Four-Step Management Approach

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• Page 222: Sudden Cardiac Death
• Page 225: Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD)

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• Page 232: Conducting System of Heart
• Page 233: Origin Sites of Supraventricular Tachyarrhythmias
• Page 234: Pre-excitation syndrome
• Page 235: Atrial Flutter
• Page 235: Ventricular Tachycardia
• Page 236: Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia

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• Page 239: Models of the Mechanisms of Supraventricular and Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias
• Page 241: Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry Tachycardia
• Page 242: Accessory Pathways and the Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome
• Page 244: Atrial flutter, Atrial Tachycardia, and Atrial Fibrillation

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• Page 251: Implantable Cardiac Pacemaker (Dual-Chamber Cardiac Pacing)
• Page 252: Implantable Cardiac Defibrillator (Dual-Chamber Leads)

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• Page 257: Anomalies of the Left Ventricular Outflow Tract
• Page 258: Rheumatic and Nonrheumatic Causes of Aortic Stenosis
• Page 260: Aortic Stenosis
• Page 262: Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
• Page 263: Echocardiogram/Doppler Study in Aortic Stenosis

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• Page 266: Rheumatic Heart Disease: Aortic Insufficiency
• Page 267: Syphilitic Heart Disease
• Page 269: Manifestations of Aortic Insufficiency
• Page 272: Hemodynamics and Heart Sounds In Patients With Acute and Chronic Severe Aortic Regurgitation

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• Page 275: Mitral Stenosis
• Page 276: Pathophysiology and Clinical Aspects of Mitral Stenosis
• Page 277: Mitral Regurgitation
• Page 278: Pathophysiology and Clinical Aspects of Mitral Regurgitation
• Page 281: Bacterial Endocarditis in Mitral Valvular Disease

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• Page 285: Auscultation in Mitral Valve Prolapse
• Page 286: Mitral Valve Prolapse

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• Page 291: Tricuspid Stenosis and/or Insufficiency
• Page 292: Right Atrial Enlargement
• Page 294: Pulmonary Valvular Stenosis and Atresia

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• Page 297: Bacterial Endocarditis
• Page 298: Common Portals of Bacterial Entry in Bacterial Endocarditis
• Page 299: Bacterial Endocarditis
• Page 301: Bacterial Endocarditis: Cardiac Sequelae
• Page 302: Bacterial Endocarditis: Remote Embolic Effects

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• Page 309: Pulmonary Stenosis
• Page 310: Pulmonary Balloon Valvuloplasty
• Page 313: Effect of Valvuloplasty on Aortic Valve Area
• Page 314: Aortic Balloon Valvuloplasty
• Page 318: Mitral Balloon Valvuloplasty

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• Page 325: First Generation of Synthetic Prosthetic Valves
• Page 327: Second Generation of Synthetic Prosthetic Valves and Biologic Valves
• Page 328: Chordal Transfer, Sliding Annuloplasty, and Ring Annuloplasty
• Page 330: Approaching the Mitral Valve Through the Interatrial Septum

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• Page 335: Pericardial Sac
• Page 336: Diseases of Pericardium
• Page 337: Diseases of Pericardium
• Page 339: ECG of Patient with Pericardial Disease
• Page 340: Diseases of Pericardium
• Page 344: Cardiac Tamponade

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• Page 347: Normal Cardiac Blood Flow During Inspiration and Expiration
• Page 350: Comparison of Normal and Pathologic Intracardiac Pressures
• Page 351: Pericarditis
• Page 352: Comparison of Blood Flow in Constrictive Pericarditis and Cardiac Tamponade
• Page 353: Pressure-Volume Relationship of Pericardium

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• Page 363: Mechanisms of Angiogenesis
• Page 364: Mechanisms of Arteriogenesis and Development of Collateral Vessels

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• Page 369: Types of Arterial Noninvasive Tests
• Page 370: Diagnostic Techniques in Vascular Disease
• Page 371: Noninvasive Evaluation of Carotid Arteries
• Page 373: Abnormal Captopril Renal Scan and Angiogram in a Patient with Renal Artery Stenosis

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• Page 379: Myocardial Fibrosis
• Page 380: Hypertension and Congestive Heart Failure

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• Page 387: Renal Artery Disease Causing Hypertension
• Page 388: Renin-Angiotensin System
• Page 390: Etiology of Hypertension
• Page 391: Differential Renin/Aldosterone
• Page 392: Aortorenal and Selective Renal Angiography (Transfemoral Approach)
• Page 393: Renal Revascularization
• Page 394: Transluminal Renal Angioplasty
• Page 395: Percutaneous Revascularization of Stenotic Renal Arteries

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• Page 398: Cerebrovascular Emboli Protection Devices
• Page 400: Interventional Approaches to Peripheral Arterial Disease
• Page 403: Interventional Approaches to Peripheral Arterial Disease
• Page 404: Multiterritorial Disease

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• Page 407: Atherosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Embolism
• Page 409: Surgical Management of Aortic Aneurysm
• Page 412: Complications of Diabetic Vasculopathy and Neuropathy
• Page 414: Surgical Management of Peripheral Arterial Disease of Lower Extremity

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• Page 419: Interrupted Aortic Arch Complex
• Page 420: Transposition of Great Arteries
• Page 421: Tetralogy of Fallot
• Page 422: Innervation of Heart: Schema
• Page 424: Pulmonary Vessel Complications of Left-to-Right Shunts
• Page 426: Clinical Characteristics of Too Much Pulmonary Flow (Pulmonary Volume Overload)
• Page 427: Anomalies of the Ventricular Septum
• Page 428: Anomalies of the Right Ventricular Outflow Tract

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• Page 431: Atrial Septal Defect
• Page 433: Ventricular Septal Defect
• Page 434: Atrioventricular Septal Defect
• Page 435: Coarctation of the Aorta
• Page 437: Tetralogy of Fallot
• Page 438: Pulmonary Atresia
• Page 440: Hypoplastic Left Heart
• Page 441: Truncus Arteriosus

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• Page 444: Transposition of Great Arteries
• Page 445: Pulmonary Valvular Stenosis and Atresia
• Page 446: Congenital Aortic Atresia
• Page 447: Pulmonary Artery Stenosis
• Page 448: Anatomic Features of Aortic Coarctation in Older Children and Neonates
• Page 449: Coarctation of the Aorta
• Page 450: Patent Ductus Arteriosus
• Page 451: Patent Ductus Arteriosus
• Page 452: Atrial Septal Defects
• Page 453: Amplatzer Septal Occluder
• Page 454: Anatomic Features of Perimembranous and Muscular Ventricular Septal Defects

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• Page 458: Transatrial Repair of Ventricular Septal Defect
• Page 461: Norwood Correction of HLHS
• Page 462: Norwood Correction of HLHS: Fontan Circulation
• Page 463: tetralogy of Fallot
• Page 464: Arterial Repair of Transposition of the Great Arteries
• Page 465: Truncus Arteriosus

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• Page 468: Tetralogy of Fallot
• Page 469: Tetralogy of Fallot
• Page 470: Transposition of the Great Vessels
• Page 471: Tricuspid Atresia
• Page 472: Tricuspid Atresia
• Page 473: Ebstein's Malformation
• Page 474:
• Page 477: Postoperative Complete Heart Block

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• Page 480: Exercise Tests

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• Page 485: Pathogenesis and Clinical Course of Kawasaki Disease
• Page 486: Clinical Features of Kawasaki Disease
• Page 489: Cardiac Evaluation in Kawasaki Disease

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• Page 492: Congenital Coronary Artery Anomalies
• Page 495: Surgical Procedures for Correction of Congenital Coronary Artery Anomalies

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• Page 499: Cardiovascular Adaptations to Pregnancy
• Page 504: Preeclampsia and Eclampsia

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• Page 510: Wave Reflection and Isolated Systolic Hypertension
• Page 514: Endarterectomy for Extracranial of Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis

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• Page 518: Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy
• Page 520: Myotonic Dystrophy
• Page 522: Myopathies Related to Disorders of Potassium Metabolism
• Page 525: Friedrich's Ataxia

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• Page 529: Acromegaly
• Page 532: Hyperthyroid Heart
• Page 534: Myxedema Heart
• Page 536: Cushing's Syndrome/Mineralocorticoid Hypertension
• Page 538: Primary Hyperaldosteronism/Mineralocorticoid Hypertension
• Page 540: Pheochromocytoma

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• Page 545: Extra-articular Manifestations in Rheumatoid Arthritis
• Page 548: Ankylosing Spondylitis
• Page 549: Polymyositis/Dermatomyositis
• Page 550: Progressive Systemic Sclerosis (PSS; Scleroderma); Lung Involvement

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• Page 556: Heart Tumors
• Page 560: Metastatic Tumors of the Heart

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• Page 565: Deep Venous Thrombosis
• Page 566: Massive Embolization
• Page 568: Embolism of Lesser Degree Without Infarction

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• Page 574: Substance Abuse and the Heart

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• Page 579: Cardiac Manifestation of AIDS

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• Page 588: Cardiovascular Risk Prediction

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• Page 595: Cardiovascular Disease in Diabetes
• Page 597: Cardiovascular Disease in Women and Special Populations

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• Page 602: Genetics in Cardiovascular Medicine
• Page 604: Normal, Mutant, and Polymorphic Gene Expression
• Page 605: Genetic and Environmental Factors in Cardiovascular Disease

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• Page 610: Effects of Exercise on Cardiovascular Health
• Page 612: Secondary Prevention
• Page 617: Exercise Training in Congestive Heart Failure

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• Page 621: Metabolic Syndrome
• Page 623: Physical Findings
• Page 624: Mechanism of Action of Lipid-Lowering Drugs

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• Cardiovascular Effects of Air Pollutants