Elsevier's Integrated Biochemistry

Elsevier's Integrated Biochemistry

Author: John W. Pelley PhD

ISBN: 9780323034104

Elsevier's Integrated Biochemistry

1: Acid-Base Concepts (pages 0-0, 5 images)

2: Structure and Properties of Bi… (pages 0-0, 21 images)

Page 7: General Structure of Amino Acids
Page 9: Equilibrium Between Cysteine and Cystine
Page 9: Open-chain Structures for Carbohydrates
Page 10: Cyclic Structures for Common Carbohydrates
Page 10: Mutarotation of Glucose
Page 10: Formation of an Acetal
Page 11: Nutritionally Important Disaccharides
Page 11: Polysaccharide Structure
Page 12: Formation of Glucuronic Acid and Gluconic Acid By Oxidation of Glucose
Page 12: Structures of N-acetylglucosamine
Page 13: Numbering of Fatty Acid Carbons
Page 14: Cis Vs. Trans Conﬁguration of a Double Bond and Linoleic Acid
Page 14: Formation of Micelle By Fatty Acids
Page 15: Relationship of Base and Phosphate to Ribose In General Nucleotide Structure
Page 15: DNA and RNA
Page 16: Deoxynucleoside Structures
Page 16: Ribose-phosphate Backbone
Page 16: Standard Watson-Crick Base-pairing
Page 17: Cross-section of DNA
Page 17: Stem-loop Structure In RNA
Page 18: Melting Curves for DNA

3: Protein Structure and Function (pages 0-0, 12 images)

Page 20: The Peptide Bond Linking α-carbons
Page 20: Polarity In a Polypeptide
Page 20: Secondary Structure Includes α-helix and β-pleated Sheet (β-sheet)
Page 21: Tertiary Structure of Myoglobin and β-globin
Page 22: Quaternary Structure of Hemoglobin
Page 23: Polypeptide Sequence
Page 24: Protein Puriﬁcation By Dialysis
Page 24: Migration of Protein Samples On Electrophoresis
Page 26: Structure of Heme
Page 26: Equilibrium Between the Tense (T) and Relaxed (R) Forms of Hemoglobin
Page 26: O₂-Binding Curve for Hemoglobin and Myoglobin
Page 27: Formation of Linear Aggregates Between Molecules of Sickle Cell Hemoglobin

4: Enzymes and Energetics (pages 0-0, 11 images)

Page 30: Free Energy Change
Page 31: Induced Fit (that Is, Change From Open Form to Closed Form) During Binding of Substrate to the Enzyme
Page 32: Substrate Vs. Velocity Curve
Page 33: Equilibrium Between a Competitive Inhibitor and an Enzyme
Page 33: Structure for Methotrexate and Tetrahydrofolate
Page 34: Lineweaver-Burke Double Reciprocal Plot
Page 34: Equilibrium Between a Noncompetitive Inhibitor and an Enzyme
Page 34: Lineweaver-Burke Double Reciprocal Plot
Page 35: Regulation By Covalent Modiﬁcation
Page 35: Cascade Mechanism for Hormonal Control of Enzyme Activity
Page 35: Sigmoid Substrate Vs. Velocity Plot

5: Membranes and Intracellular Si… (pages 0-0, 10 images)

Page 38: Membrane Components
Page 39: Comparison of Carrier-mediated Transport With Passive Diffusion
Page 39: Uniport Vs. Cotransport
Page 40: Sodium-dependent Glucose Transporter
Page 40: Chloride-bicarbonate Transporter
Page 41: Synthesis and Degradation of CAMP
Page 42: Activation of Protein Kinase A By CAMP
Page 43: Epinephrine Receptor Activation of Gs Protein
Page 44: Activation of Phospholipase C and the Phosphoinositide Cascade
Page 45: Insulin Receptor With Ras-dependent and Ras-independent Pathways

6: Glycolysis and Pyruvate Oxidat… (pages 0-0, 7 images)

Page 48: Glycolytic Pathway Reactions
Page 48: Sequence of Reactions for the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Multienzyme Complex
Page 49: Regulated Reactions In Glycolysis
Page 49: Regulation of PFK-1 By Fructose 2,6-Bisphosphate
Page 49: Regulation of the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex
Page 50: Formation of Lactic Acid From NADH Produced In Glycolysis
Page 51: Intersection of Glycolysis and Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Reactions With Other Major Metabolic Pathways

7: Citric Acid Cycle, Electron Tr… (pages 0-0, 9 images)

Page 55: Steps In the Citric Acid Cycle Pathway
Page 56: Steps In the Electron Transport Chain
Page 57: Structure of Coenzyme Q
Page 58: Regulated Reactions In the Citric Acid Cycle
Page 58: Anaplerosis
Page 59: Iron-sulfur Bonding In Iron-sulfur Proteins
Page 60: Intersection of the Citric Acid Cycle
Page 61: Shuttle Mechanisms for Cytoplasmic NADH
Page 62: Inhibitors of ATP Synthesis

8: Gluconeogenesis and Glycogen M… (pages 0-0, 7 images)

Page 65: The Gluconeogenic Pathway
Page 67: Reciprocal Regulation of Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis
Page 67: Regulation of Pyruvate Carboxylase
Page 68: Interface of Gluconeogenesis
Page 69: Glycogen Synthesis
Page 69: Regulation of Glycogen Metabolism
Page 70: Cascade Activation of Glycogen Phosphorylase

9: Minor Carbohydrate Pathways: R… (pages 0-0, 7 images)

Page 74: Pentose Phosphate Pathway
Page 74: Role of NADPH
Page 74: Exclusive Production of Ribose
Page 74: Balanced Production of NADPH and Ribose
Page 76: The Galactose Pathway
Page 76: Conversion of Galactose to Galactitol
Page 77: Fructose Pathway

10: Fatty Acid and Triglyceride Me… (pages 0-0, 8 images)

Page 80: Metabolic Steps In the Synthesis of Fatty Acids
Page 81: Elongation of Fatty Acid Chain
Page 81: Assembly of a Triglyceride
Page 82: Regulation of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase
Page 83: Transport of Acyl-CoA By the Carnitine Cycle
Page 83: β Oxidation of Fatty Acids
Page 84: Activation of Hormone-sensitive Lipases
Page 85: Conversion of Propionyl-CoA

11: Metabolism of Steroids and Oth… (pages 0-0, 20 images)

Page 88: Structure of Major Classes of Steroids
Page 88: Synthesis of Mevalonic Acid
Page 88: Comparison of Cytoplasmic and Mitochondrial HMG-CoA Synthase
Page 89: Conversion of Mevalonate to Isoprenoids
Page 89: Synthesis of Squalene From Isoprenoid Precursors
Page 89: Synthesis of Cholesterol From Squalene
Page 90: Pregnenolone As a Precursor for the Adrenal Cortical Steroids
Page 91: Synthesis of the Adrenocortical Steroids
Page 92: Synthesis of the Phosphatidyl Alcohols
Page 92: Page 92
Page 92: Salvage of Choline and Ethanolamine
Page 92: Comparison of Plasmalogen and Phosphoglyceride Structures
Page 93: Action of Phospholipases
Page 93: Structure of a Ceramide
Page 93: Overview of Pathways for Sphingolipid Synthesis
Page 94: Structure of 3'-Phosphoadenosine-5'phosphosulfate (PAPS)
Page 94: Formation of ABO Blood Group Antigens
Page 94: Enzyme Deficiencies
Page 95: Overview of Eicosanoid Pathways
Page 95: Prostaglandin, Thromboxane and Leukotriene Synthesis

12: Amino Acid and Heme Metabolism (pages 0-0, 17 images)

Page 97: Carbohydrate–amino Acid Pairs
Page 98: Overview of Ammonia and Urea Production From Amino Acid N2
Page 98: Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)
Page 98: Glutamate Dehydrogenase (GDH) Reaction
Page 99: Urea Cycle
Page 100: Metabolic Intermediates Formed From Amino Acid Degradation
Page 100: Interconversion of Serine and Glycine
Page 100: Interconversion of Glutamate / Glutamine and Aspartate / Asparagine
Page 101: Formation of FIGLU In Histidine Metabolism
Page 101: Activated Methyl Cycle and the Degradation of Methionine
Page 103: Synthesis of Catecholamines, DOPA, and Melanin From Phenylalanine and Tyrosine. BH2, Dihydrobiopterin; BH4, Tetrahydrobiopterin
Page 103: Conversion of Tryptophan to Serotonin and Melatonin
Page 103: Structure of Heme
Page 104: Biosynthesis of Heme
Page 104: Degradation of Heme
Page 105: Conversion of Phenylalanine and Tyrosine
Page 108: Treatment of Hyperammonemia

13: Integration of Carbohydrate, F… (pages 0-0, 9 images)

Page 109: Metabolic Effects of Insulin In Liver, Adipose, and Muscle Tissue
Page 109: Metabolic Effects of Glucagon In Liver, Adipose, and Muscle Tissue
Page 110: Metabolic Effects of Epinephrine In Liver, Adipose, and Muscle Tissue
Page 110: Metabolic Effects of Glucocorticoids
Page 112: Liver, Adipose, and Muscle Metabolism
Page 113: Liver, Adipose, and Muscle Metabolism
Page 114: Alanine Cycle
Page 115: Liver, Adipose, and Muscle Metabolism
Page 117: Liver, Adipose, and Muscle Metabolism

14: Purine, Pyrimidine, and Single… (pages 0-0, 7 images)

Page 118: Formation of IMP From Amino Acids
Page 118: Cross Regulation of the Synthesis of AMP and GMP
Page 119: Purine Salvage Pathway
Page 119: Purine Degradation to Uric Acid
Page 120: Formation of Carbamoyl Aspartate
Page 120: Formation of Pyrimidine Nucleotides
Page 121: Ribonucleotide Reductase Reaction

15: Organization, Synthesis, and R… (pages 0-0, 16 images)

Page 124: DNA Into Chromatin
Page 125: Cell Cycle In Eukaryotic Cells
Page 126: Comparison of Prokaryotic
Page 127: Helicase Action at the Replication Fork
Page 127: Helicase and Topoisomerase Action
Page 127: Action of DNA Polymerase
Page 128: Replication Dilemma
Page 129: Synthesis In Prokaryotic Cells
Page 129: Base Pair Mismatches During DNA Synthesis
Page 130: Proofreading By DNA
Page 131: Mismatch Repair
Page 132: Base Excision Repair
Page 132: Formation of Thymine Dimers
Page 133: Nucleotide Excision Repair
Page 133: Methylation of Guanine
Page 133: Direct Repair of Guanine

16: RNA Transcription and Control … (pages 0-0, 17 images)

Page 136: Structure of Yeast Alanine Transfer RNA
Page 137: Components of a Prokaryotic Gene
Page 137: Prokaryotic Promoter Site
Page 137: RNA Polymerase
Page 138: Polymerization
Page 138: Direction of MRNA Synthesis
Page 138: Formation of Hairpin Structure
Page 139: Eukaryotic Gene
Page 139: Eukaryotic Promoter
Page 140: Primary RNA Transcript
Page 140: Formation of Lariat Structures
Page 140: Formation of a Spliceosome
Page 141: Expression of the Lac Operon
Page 142: Interaction of Transcription Factors
Page 143: Interaction of Activated Enhancer
Page 144: MyoD1 Master Regulatory Gene
Page 144: Alternative Splicing and Alternative Tailing

17: Protein Synthesis and Degradat… (pages 0-0, 17 images)

Page 148: Charging of TRNA
Page 149: Conversion of Cysteinyl TRNA
Page 149: Proofreading By Isoleucyl -tRNA Synthetase
Page 149: Wobble Position In the Anticodon
Page 150: Base Pairing Between Inosine
Page 150: Effects of Base Change Mutation Range
Page 151: Effect of Frameshift Mutations
Page 151: Normal Vs. Nonaligned Recombination Between Chromosomes
Page 152: Formation of a Lepore Hemoglobin Gene
Page 152: Page 152
Page 153: Overview of Initiation, Elongation, and Termination of Translation
Page 154: Regeneration of Prokaryotic Tu-GTP Complex
Page 154: Prokaryotic Polypeptide Chain Initiation
Page 155: Polyribosomes
Page 156: Targeting of a Polypeptide
Page 157: Formation of Mannose 6-Phosphate
Page 157: Negative Control of Ferritin MRNA Translation

18: Recombinant DNA and Biotechnol… (pages 0-0, 15 images)

Page 159: Palindromic Restriction Sites
Page 160: Treatment Target DNA
Page 161: Preparation of CDNA From MRNA
Page 161: Preparation of Genomic DNA
Page 161: Structure of a Plasmid
Page 162: Structure of a γ Bacteriophage Vector
Page 162: Components of a Yeast Artificial Chromosome
Page 163: Overview of Cloning Procedure
Page 163: Identification of a Clone Carrying the Target DNA
Page 164: Polymerase Chain Reaction
Page 165: Determination of a Restriction Map By Gel Electrophoresis
Page 165: Comparison of Blotting Procedures for Nucleic Acids and Proteins
Page 166: RFLP Analysis of Sickle Cell Hemoglobin
Page 166: Polymorphism
Page 167: Comparison of DNA

19: Nutrition (pages 0-0, 5 images)

Page 170: Amylose and Amylopectin
Page 171: Digestion and Absorption of Dietary Lipids
Page 174: Visual Cycle In the Retina
Page 175: Formation of Calcitriol
Page 177: Storage of Ferritin

20: Tissue Biochemistry (pages 0-0, 19 images)

Page 179: Actin and Myosin Components of a Sarcomere
Page 180: Tropomyosin and Troponin
Page 180: Power Stroke Involves a Change In the Orientation
Page 181: Contribution of Creatine Kinase
Page 182: Collagen Structure
Page 182: Formation of Hydroxyproline
Page 182: Type I Collagen
Page 183: Synthesis and Assembly of the Collagen Fiber
Page 184: Formation of Desmosine
Page 185: Structure of Fibrinogen
Page 186: Thrombin Digests Away the Fibrinopeptides
Page 186: Transglutaminase
Page 187: Blood Clotting Cascade
Page 188: Transport of Dietary Lipids Via Chylomicrons
Page 189: Interactions of VLDL, LDL, and HDL
Page 190: Conversion of Benzpyrene to Benzpyrene Epoxide
Page 190: Conversion of Salicylic Acid
Page 190: Production of Acetyl -CoA From Ethanol
Page 190: Shunting of Pyruvate to Lactate

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