Sports Medicine - Madden 1E

Author: Christopher C. Madden, MD, Margot Putukian, MD, FACSM, Craig C. Young, MD, and Eric C. McCarty, MD

ISBN: 9781416049227

Medical Care and Supervision of the Athlete

5: Sports Pharmacology of Pain an… (pages 38-46, 5 images)

6: The Pediatric Athlete (pages 47-54, 6 images)

Page 60: Progression of Osteochondritis Dissecans
Page 61: Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis
Page 62: Physical Examination In Legg - Calvé - Perthes Disease
Page 62: Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
Page 63: Blount's Disease Infantile Tibia Vara
Page 64: Tarsal Coalition Pediatric Disorders of the Foot and Ankle

Conditioning

7: The Female Athlete (pages 72-85, 5 images)

Page 73: Menstrual Cycle
Page 77: Etiologic Model for the Development of Eating Disorders In Female Athletes
Page 80: Causes of Ovulatory Dysfunction
Page 82: Clinical Manifestations of Osteoporosis
Page 83: Causes of Osteoporosis

8: The Senior Athlete (pages 86-100, 10 images)

Page 88: Decline In Athletic Performance With Aging
Page 88: Effects of Exercise on Cardiovascular Health
Page 89: Degenerative Hypertrophic Spondylitis (Osteoarthritis)
Page 90: Joint and Articular Changes
Page 90: Sudden Cardiac Death
Page 91: Factors in Etiology of Atherosclerosis Cardiac Risk Factors
Page 95: Stress Test Segment Depressions Testing to Detect Myocardial Ischemia
Page 96: Classification of Sports
Page 96: Pain of Myocardial Ischemia
Page 102: Motor Impairment Related to Level of Spinal Cord Injury

9: The Physically Challenged Athl… (pages 101-112, 9 images)

Page 103: Cervical Spine Injury: Incomplete Spinal Cord Syndromes
Page 105: Failure of Formation of Parts: Transverse Arrest (Above-elbow amputation type hemimelia)
Page 105: Amputation of the Forearm - Disarticulation Through the Wrist
Page 106: Above Knee Amputation
Page 106: Complications of Amputation
Page 107: Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita
Page 108: Spondyloepephyseal Dysplasia Tarda
Page 108: Joint Involvement In Juvenile Arthritis
Page 114: Biochemical Mechanics of Muscle Contraction

Special Consideration for Athlete Populations

10: Exercise Prescription and Phys… (pages 113-119, 4 images)

Page 115: Initiation of Muscle Contraction by Electric Impulse and Calcium Movement
Page 116: Respiratory Response to Exercise
Page 117: Stretching Exercises
Page 120: Physiologic Adaptation to Exercise

11: Aerobic Training (pages 120-127, 10 images)

Page 121: Cardiovascular System Overview
Page 121: Atria, Ventricles and Interventricular Septum
Page 122: Mechanical Efficiency
Page 123: Physiologic Characteristics and Lactate Threshold of a Road Cyclist
Page 123: Determining Lactate Threshold for Cyclist
Page 124: Aerobic Threshold Paces
Page 124: Relationship of Respiratory Rate to VO2 Max
Page 125: Overcompensation and Improved Fitness Resulting From Training Workload
Page 126: Example of Weekly Cumulative Workload Progression
Page 126: Hypothetical Training Year Divided Into Periods That Show the Interplay Between Volume and Intensity

Environment

12: Exercise in the Heat and Heat … (pages 139-148, 4 images)

Page 139: Regeneration of ATP for Source of Energy in Muscle Contraction
Page 140: The Hypothalamus and Thermoregulation
Page 140: Methods of Heat Dissipation
Page 146: Heat Stress

13: Exercise in the Cold and Cold … (pages 149-157, 3 images)

Page 149: Vapor Barrier Systems
Page 152: Systemic Hypothermia
Page 155: Frostbite

14: High-Altitude Training and Com… (pages 158-159, 1 images)

Page 159: Toxic-Therapeutic Range of Exercise Training

Behavioral and Psychological Problems

15: The Role of Sport Psychology a… (pages 165-166, 1 images)

Page 166: Common Psychological Disorders

16: Drugs and Doping in Athletes (pages 171-182, 1 images)

Page 182: NCAA Drug Testing

17: Eating Disorders in Athletes (pages 184-188, 3 images)

Page 184: Anorexia Nervosa: A Psychoneurotic Disorder
Page 185: Distorted Body Image
Page 185: Osteoporosis Associated with Amenorrhea

18: Overtraining (pages 189-196, 5 images)

Page 189: Hypothetical Overtraining Syndrome Model
Page 190: Genesis of Overtraining Syndrome
Page 193: Infectious Mononucleosis
Page 193: Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Page 194: Proposed Clinical Evaluation of Athletic Fatigue

General Medical Problems in Athletes

19: Infections in Athletes (pages 197-203, 5 images)

Page 198: Infectious Mononucleosis, Yellow Fever
Page 199: Tinea Infections
Page 201: Clinical Picture of Hepatitis C Infection
Page 202: Viral Myocarditis
Page 203: Dissemination of Tuberculosis

20: Gastrointestinal Problems (pages 204-208, 4 images)

Page 205: Oral Ulcers
Page 205: Gastroesophageal Reflux
Page 206: Upper Gastrointestinal (GI) Problems
Page 207: Variations In Celiac Trunk Blood Supply of Small and Large Intestine

21: Hematologic Problems in Athlet… (pages 209-211, 1 images)

Page 209: Anemia

22: Renal and Genitourinary Proble… (pages 212-222, 11 images)

Page 212: Kindeys In Situ
Page 213: Genitourinary System
Page 214: Hematuria
Page 215: Acute Renal Failure
Page 216: Renal Calculi
Page 217: Renal Trauma - Nonpenetrating Trauma of Kidney
Page 217: Renovascular Hypertension
Page 218: Classification of Renal Injuries By Grade
Page 219: Varicocele, Hematocele, Torsion
Page 221: Genitourinary Infections
Page 222: Neurogenic Disorders of the Urinary Bladder

23: The Athlete with Diabetes (pages 223-228, 2 images)

Page 224: Medications That May Contribute to Hypoglycemia
Page 225: Signs of Neuropathic Joint Disease and Peripheral Vascular Disease

24: The Athlete's Heart and Sudden… (pages 229-237, 4 images)

Page 231: Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
Page 232: Congenital Coronary Artery Anomalies
Page 232: Idiopathic Myocarditis
Page 235: Accessory Pathways and the Wolff - Parkinson - White Syndrome

25: The Hypertensive Athlete (pages 238-247, 7 images)

Page 239: Causes of Hypertension
Page 240: Hypertension As Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease
Page 241: Eyegrounds in Hypertension
Page 243: Hypertension Treatment: Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
Page 243: Hypertension Treatment: Diuretics
Page 245: Hypertension Treatment: β and α Blockers
Page 246: Effects of Exercise On Cardiovascular Health

26: Exercise-Induced Bronchospasm,… (pages 248-251, 2 images)

Page 249: Bronchospasm
Page 250: Urticaria

27: Neurologic Problems in the Ath… (pages 252-264, 11 images)

Page 253: Brachial Plexus: Schema
Page 256: Scapular, Axillary and Radial Nerves
Page 256: Neuropathy About Shoulder: Suprascapular Nerve
Page 257: Neuropathy About Shoulder: Long Thoracic Nerve
Page 259: Radial Nerve Compression
Page 260: Median Nerve
Page 260: Common Sites of Upper Extremity Nerve Entrapment
Page 261: Compression of Ulnar Nerve
Page 261: Positive Froment Sign
Page 262: Tibial Nerve
Page 263: Common Peroneal Nerve

28: Headache in the Athlete (pages 265-274, 4 images)

29: Skin Problems in the Athlete (pages 275-284, 5 images)

Page 276: Common Problems Caused By Friction and Pressure
Page 278: Common Sun- and Heat-Related Problems
Page 279: Common Cold-Related Injuries
Page 280: Common Fungal Infections
Page 281: Common Bacterial Infections

30: Connective Tissue and Rheumato… (pages 285-298, 9 images)

Page 285: Characteristics of Marfan Syndrome
Page 287: Characteristics of Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
Page 289: Characteristics of Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Page 290: Ankylosing Spondylitis
Page 291: Characteristics of Osteoarthritis Or Degenerative Arthropathy
Page 292: Characteristics of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Page 292: Major Diagnostic Criteria of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Page 293: Characteristics of Buerger's Syndrome (Thromboangitis Obliterans)
Page 294: Giant-Cell (Temporal) Arteritis, Polymyalgia Rheumatica

Injury Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment

31: Musculoskeletal Injuries in Sp… (pages 299-303, 1 images)

Page 302: Musculoskeletal Evaluation Techniques

32: Comprehensive Rehabilitation o… (pages 304-311, 4 images)

33: Head Injuries (pages 317-325, 5 images)

Page 319: Subdural Hematoma
Page 320: Epidural Hemorrhage
Page 320: Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Clinical Manifestations Related to Site
Page 321: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Page 322: Skull Fracture

34: Neck Injuries (pages 326-331, 6 images)

Page 326: Anatomy of a Vertebra
Page 328: Cervical Disc Herniation: Clinical Manifestations
Page 328: Fracture and Dislocation of Cervical Vertebrae Trauma
Page 329: Compression Fractures of Cervical Spine
Page 329: Subluxation and Ligamentous Instability of Cervical Spine Trauma
Page 330: Dislocations of Cervical Spine

35: Eye Injuries in Sports (pages 332-339, 3 images)

Page 333: Large Object Causing Injury to the Globe
Page 335: Orbit: Eyelids and Lacrimal Apparatus
Page 336: Orbital Blow-out Fracture

36: Maxillofacial Injuries (pages 340-345, 7 images)

Page 340: Face and Scalp: Cutaneous Nerves
Page 341: Cauliflower Ear
Page 343: Arteries of Nasal Cavity: Nasal Septum Turned Up
Page 343: Nasal Fracture
Page 344: Mandibular Fractures
Page 344: Midface Fractures
Page 345: Zygomatic Fractures

37: Shoulder Injuries (pages 346-359, 12 images)

Page 347: Physical Examination of Shoulder
Page 348: Special Tests On the Shoulder
Page 349: Anterior Glenohumeral Instability
Page 350: Posterior Glenohumeral Instability
Page 351: Rupture of Long Head Biceps Brachii Muscle
Page 352: Superior Labrum Anterior and Posterior (SLAP) Injury
Page 353: Rotator Cuff Injury
Page 354: Acromioclavicular Dislocation
Page 355: Dislocation of Acromioclavicular Or Sternoclavicular Joint
Page 357: Fracture of the Clavicle
Page 357: Neer Classification of Proximal Humerus Fractures
Page 358: Spinoglenoid Cyst

38: Elbow Injuries (pages 360-367, 8 images)

Page 360: Measurement of Pronation and Supination
Page 361: Medial Epicondyle Palpation
Page 361: Nerves of the Upper Extremity
Page 363: Olecranon Bursitis (Student's Elbow)
Page 364: Ulnar Collateral Ligament Sprain
Page 365: Tennis Elbow
Page 366: Panner's Disease
Page 367: Dislocation of Elbow Joint

39: Hand and Wrist Injuries (pages 368-378, 13 images)

Page 368: Nail Bed Injury
Page 369: Mallet Finger
Page 369: Jersey Finger
Page 370: Proximal Interphalangeal (PIP) Joint Dislocation
Page 371: Metacarpal Fracture
Page 372: Injuries to the PIP Joint Central Extensor Slip Insertion and Boutonniere Deformity
Page 372: Flexor Tendon Laceration
Page 373: Phalangeal Fractures
Page 374: Thumb Metacarpophalangeal Joint Ligament Injuries
Page 375: Metacarpophalangeal (MP) Dislocation
Page 376: Scaphoid Fractures
Page 377: Ligaments of Wrist
Page 378: Bennett's and Rolando's (First MC Base) Fractures

40: Thorax and Abdominal Injuries (pages 379-392, 9 images)

Page 381: Posterior Dislocation of Sternoclavicular Joint
Page 381: Thoracic Cage Injuries
Page 384: Pulmonary Contusion
Page 385: Tension Pneumothorax
Page 386: Penetrating Heart Wounds
Page 387: Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Page 389: Quadrants of Abdomen
Page 389: Rupture of Diaphragm
Page 391: Hernias

41: Thoracic and Lumbosacral Spine… (pages 393-403, 10 images)

Page 394: Anatomy of the Spine
Page 395: Herniated Nucleus Pulposus (Lumbar); Clinical Features
Page 396: Straight Leg Test
Page 397: Fracture Dislocation of T11 On T12
Page 397: Posterior Rib Fracture
Page 398: Slipped Apophyseal Ring
Page 399: Degenerative Disc Disease
Page 400: Spinal Stenosis
Page 400: Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis
Page 402: Spinal Deformities

42: Pelvis, Hip, and Thigh Injurie… (pages 404-416, 9 images)

Page 404: Anatomy of the Pelvis, Hip, and Thigh
Page 405: Anatomy of the Pelvis, Hip, and Thigh
Page 406: Special Tests for the Pelvis, Hip, and Thigh
Page 407: Iliac Crest Contusion
Page 408: Hip and Pelvis Joints
Page 409: Nerve Entrapment
Page 410: Syndromes of the Pelvis, Hip, and Thigh
Page 414: Intra-articular Disorders
Page 415: Femoroacetabular Impingement

43: Knee Injuries (pages 417-428, 7 images)

Page 417: Anatomy of the Knee
Page 418: Observations and Measurement of the Knee
Page 420: Special Tests of the Knee
Page 421: Knee Ligament Injuries
Page 423: Meniscal Injuries
Page 424: Extensor Mechanism Problems
Page 426: Miscellaneous Knee Conditions

44: Ankle and Leg Injuries (pages 429-437, 6 images)

Page 429: Compartments of the Leg and Ankle
Page 431: Anatomy of the Leg and Ankle
Page 432: Special Tests for the Leg and Ankle
Page 433: Conditions of the Leg
Page 435: Tendon Problems Around the Ankle
Page 436: Cavovarus

45: Cartilage Problems in Sports (pages 438-444, 6 images)

Page 438: Composition and Structure of Articular Cartilage
Page 439: Hip Injuries and Problems
Page 441: Knee Injuries and Problems
Page 442: Foot and Ankle Injuries and Problems
Page 443: Elbow Injuries and Problems
Page 444: Kienbock's Disease

46: Acute Fractures and Dislocatio… (pages 445-454, 5 images)

Page 445: Prehospital Care of Fractures
Page 446: Upper Extremity Fractures and Dislocations
Page 447: Upper Extremity Fractures and Dislocations
Page 450: Lower Extremity Fractures and Dislocations
Page 451: Lower Extremity Fractures and Dislocations

47: Stress Fractures (pages 455-463, 8 images)

Page 455: Stress Fracture
Page 456: Bone Architecture In Relation to Physical Stress
Page 457: Physical Examination of Stress Fracture
Page 458: Lateral Elbow, Olecranon Stress Fracture
Page 459: Axial CT Image
Page 460: Femoral Stress Fractures
Page 461: Knee and Lower Leg Stress Fractures
Page 462: Stress Fractures In Foot

48: Foot Problems (pages 464-474, 14 images)

Page 464: Anatomy of the Foot
Page 465: Too Many Toes Test
Page 466: Anatomic Variants of the Foot
Page 467: Toe Deformities
Page 468: Achilles Tendinitis and Retrocalcaneal Bursitis
Page 469: Plantar Fascia
Page 469: Turf Toe
Page 470: Bunion, Hallux Valgus, and Metatarsus Primus Varus
Page 470: Hallux Rigidus
Page 471: Fracture of Talus Fracture of Talar Neck
Page 471: Intraarticular Fracture of the Calcaneus
Page 472: Injury to Tarsometatarsal (Lisfranc) Joint Complex
Page 472: Navicular Stress Fracture
Page 473: Metatarsal Fractures

49: Taping and Bracing (pages 475-481, 6 images)

Page 476: Various Taping Procedures
Page 477: Taping Procedures: Patellofemoral Taping
Page 478: Taping Procedures: Arch Taping
Page 478: Taping Procedures: Achilles Tendon Taping
Page 478: Taping Procedures: Turf-Toe Taping
Page 479: Braces

50: Injections in the Athlete (pages 482-490, 3 images)

Specific Sports

51: Football (pages 491-502, 6 images)

Page 491: Game and Practice Injury Rates In Sports
Page 494: Acromioclavicular Injury
Page 495: Anterior Shoulder Instability
Page 496: Valgus Laxity
Page 497: Jersey Finger
Page 500: Recalcitrant Anterior Tibial Stress Fracture

52: Volleyball (pages 503-507, 6 images)

Page 504: Number of Volleyball Injuries By Site and Type
Page 504: Percent of Injuries In Beach Volleyball Compared With Indoor Volleyball
Page 504: Prevention of Injuries
Page 505: Finger and Thumb Sprains
Page 505: Shoulder Injuries
Page 506: Lumbosacral Spine Injuries

53: Soccer (pages 508-516, 3 images)

Page 509: Soccer-Specific Demands and Skills
Page 512: Knee Injuries
Page 513: Stress Fractures

54: Basketball (pages 517-520, 2 images)

Page 519: Finger Injuries
Page 519: Rupture of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament

55: Wrestling (pages 521-528, 5 images)

Page 523: Auricular Hematoma ("Cauliflower Ear")
Page 524: Back Injuries
Page 524: Elbow Injuries
Page 525: Knee Injuries
Page 526: Protective Equipment In Wrestling

56: Swimming and Diving (pages 529-537, 8 images)

Page 531: Swimmer's Shoulder
Page 531: Overview of Chronic Kidney Disease: Uremia
Page 532: Dislocation of Acromioclavicular Or Sternoclavicular Joint
Page 532: Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Anatomy
Page 533: Compression of Ulnar Nerve
Page 534: Low Back Pain
Page 534: Knee Pain Associated With Kick
Page 536: Wrist Injuries In Diving

57: Scuba Diving (pages 538-545, 1 images)

Page 540: Tension Pneumothorax

58: Baseball (pages 546-551, 4 images)

59: Track and Field (pages 552-564, 5 images)

Page 554: Normal Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism
Page 555: Female Athlete Triad
Page 556: Bone Remodeling
Page 557: Good and Bad Running Practice
Page 559: Lower Extremity Injuries

60: Gymnastics (pages 565-570, 2 images)

Page 566: Progression of Osteochondritis Dissecans
Page 569: Ankle Impingement

61: Road Biking (pages 571-580, 1 images)

Page 573: Road Bike Fit

62: Mountain Biking (pages 581-591, 2 images)

Page 581: Mountain Bike Styles and Characteristics
Page 584: Rider - Bike - Terrain Interface

63: Tennis (pages 592-599, 9 images)

Page 593: Phases of Tennis Serve
Page 594: Rotator Cuff Injuries
Page 595: Tennis Elbow
Page 596: De Quervain Tenosynovitis
Page 597: Dislocation of Carpus, Fracture of Hamulus (Hook) of Hamate
Page 597: Arthroscopic Picture of Labral Tear
Page 597: Plantar Fasciitis
Page 598: Muscles of Anterior Abdominal Wall
Page 598: Osgood-Schlatter Lesion

64: Alpine Skiing (pages 600-603, 1 images)

Page 602: Skiing Injuries

65: Cross-Country Skiing (pages 604-608, 3 images)

Page 605: Cross Country Skiing Techniques
Page 607: Skier's Toe
Page 607: Skier's Thumb

66: Snowboarding (pages 609-613, 2 images)

Page 609: Snowboarding Equipment
Page 611: Fracture of Lateral Process of Talus

67: Ice Skating (pages 622-626, 3 images)

68: Sailing (pages 627-633, 10 images)

Page 627: America's Cup Yacht
Page 628: America's Cup Yacht Rounding the Buoy
Page 629: Sailor In Personal Flotation Device (PDF) and Foul Weather Gear
Page 629: World Champion Yngling Team Hiking Out
Page 630: The Shoulder
Page 630: Cooling Vest
Page 631: Biomechanics of Hiking In Sailing
Page 631: Training for Sailing
Page 632: Olympic Women's Keelboat Yngling Class Has Weight Limits
Page 632: Crew Positions and Specific Injury Examples In Sailing

69: Rock Climbing (pages 634-642, 7 images)

Page 634: Types of Climbing
Page 636: Climbing Equipment
Page 636: Rappelling From Multiple Pitch Climb
Page 638: Upper Extremity Climbing Injuries
Page 639: Common Hand Grips In Climbing
Page 640: Climber's Finger
Page 641: Arm Muscles With Portions of Arteries and Nerves Muscles of Arm: Anterior Views

70: Martial Arts (pages 643-649, 2 images)

Page 643: Protective Equipment In Martial Arts
Page 645: Common Techniques In Martial Arts

71: Boxing (pages 650-656, 1 images)

Page 655: Acute Traumatic Brain Injury

72: Dance (pages 657-662, 3 images)

Page 657: Common Terms In Dance
Page 658: Types of Dance and Equipment
Page 661: Injury to Tarsometatarsal (Lisfranc) Joint Complex

73: Mass Participation Endurance E… (pages 663-670, 4 images)

Page 665: Finish Area of Mass Participation Events
Page 665: Transportation at Finish Area
Page 667: Fluid Replacement and Redistribution After Exercise-Associated Collapse
Page 668: Temperature Correction In Endurance Events

74: Field Hockey (pages 671-673, 1 images)

Page 673: Common Injuries In Field Hockey

75: Lacrosse (pages 674-678, 5 images)

Page 674: Goalie, Men's Lacrosse
Page 675: Protective Equipment In Lacrosse
Page 676: Shoulder Injuries In Lacrosse
Page 677: Special Problems in Fracture of Middle and Proximal Phalanges
Page 678: Lower Extremity Injuries In Lacrosse

76: Rowing (pages 679-685, 8 images)

Page 680: Types of Rowing Boats
Page 680: Phases of Rowing Stroke
Page 681: Low Back Injuries In Rowing
Page 682: Muscles of Back: Superficial Layers Superficial Muscles: Posterior Neck and Back
Page 683: Muscles of Hip and Thigh: Lateral View
Page 683: Wrist and Forearm Injuries In Rowing
Page 684: Nerves of Buttock
Page 684: Hand Blisters and Skin Abrasions In Rowing