Neuroscience - Felten 2E
Author: David L. Felten, Anil N. Shetty
ISBN: 9781416054184
Overview of the Nervous System
- Page 4: Neuronal Structure
- Page 5: Types of Synapses
- Page 6: Neuronal Cell Types
- Page 7: Glial Cell Types
- Page 8: The Blood-Brain Barrier
- Page 9: Myelination of CNS and PNS Axons
- Page 10: Development of Myelination and Axon Ensheathment
- Page 11: High Magnification View of a Central Myelin Sheath
- Page 12: Chemical Neurotransmission
- Page 14: Synaptic Morphology
- Page 15: Neuronal Resting Potential
- Page 16: Graded Potentials in Nuerons
- Page 17: Action Potentials
- Page 18: Propagation of the Action Potential
- Page 19: Conduction Velocity
- Page 20: Classification of Peripheral Nerve Fibers by Size and Conduction Velocity
- Page 21: Electromyography and Conduction Velocity Studies
- Page 22: Presynaptic and Postsynaptic Inhibition
- Page 23: Spatial and Temporal Summation
- Page 24: Normal Electrical Firing Patterns of Cortical Neurons and the Origin and Spread of Seizures
- Page 25: Electroencephalography
- Page 34: Surface Anatomy of the Forebrain: Lateral View
- Page 35: Lateral View of the Forebrain: Functional Regions
- Page 36: Lateral View of the Forebrain: Brodmann's Areas
- Page 37: Anatomy of the Medial (Midsagittal) Surface of the Brain In Situ
- Page 38: Anatomy of the Medial (Midsagittal) Surface of the Brain, with Brain Stem Removed
- Page 39: Medial Surface of the Brain
- Page 40: Anatomy of the Basal Surface of the Brain, with the Brain Stem and Cerebellum Removed
- Page 41: Basal Surface of the Brain: Functional Areas and Brodmann's Areas
- Page 42: Brain Imaging: Computed Tomography Scans, Coronal and Sagittal
- Page 43: Brain Imaging: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Axial and Sagittal T1-Weighted Images
- Page 44: Brain Imaging: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Axial and Sagittal T1-Weighted Images
- Page 45: Posterior Emission Tomography Scanning
- Page 46: Horizontal Brain Sections Showing the Basal Ganglia
- Page 47: Major Limbic Forebrain Structures
- Page 48: Corpus Callosum
- Page 49: Color Imaging of the Corpus Callosum by Diffusion Tensor Imaging
- Page 50: Hippocampal Formation and Fornix
- Page 51: Thalamic Anatomy
- Page 52: Thalamic Nuclei
- Page 60: Spinal Column: Bony Anatomy
- Page 61: Lumbar Vertebrae: Radiography
- Page 62: Spinal Cord: Gross Anatomy In Situ
- Page 63: The Spinal Cord: Its Meninges and Spinal Roots
- Page 64: Spinal Cord: Cross-Sectional Anatomy In Situ
- Page 65: Spinal Cord White and Gray Matter
- Page 68: Ventricular Anatomy
- Page 69: Ventricular Anatomy in Coronal Forebrain Section
- Page 70: Anatomy of the Fourth Ventricle: Posterior View With Cerebellum Removed
- Page 71: Anatomy of the Fourth Ventricle: Lateral View
- Page 72: Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Ventricles: Axial and Coronal Views
- Page 73: Circulation of the Cerebrospinal Fluid
- Page 76: Meningeal Arteries: Relationship to Skull and Dura
- Page 77: Arterial Supply to the Brain and Meninges
- Page 78: Internal Carotid and Ophthalmic Artery Course
- Page 79: Arterial Distribution to the Brain: Basal View
- Page 80: Arterial Distribution to the Brain: Cutaway Basal View Showing the Circle of Willis
- Page 81: Arterial Distribution to the Brain: Frontal View with Hemispheres Retracted
- Page 82: Arterial Distribution to the Brain: Coronal Forebrain Section
- Page 83: Types of Stroke
- Page 84: Schematic of Arteries to the Brain
- Page 85: Circle of Willis: Schematic Illustration and Vessels In Situ
- Page 86: Arterial Distribution to the Brain: Laterial and Medial Views
- Page 87: Color Illustration of Territories of the Cerebral Arteries
- Page 90: Vertebrobasilar Arterial System
- Page 91: Angiographic Anatomy of the Vertebrobasilar System
- Page 92: Vascular Supply to the Hypothalamus and the Pituitary Gland
- Page 93: Arterial Blood Supply to the Spinal Cord: Longitudinal View
- Page 94: Anterior and Posterior Spinal Arteries and Their Distribution
- Page 95: Arterial Supply to the Spinal Cord: Cross-Sectional View
- Page 96: Meninges and Superficial Cerebral Veins
- Page 97: Veins: Superficial Cerebral, Meningeal, Diploic, and Emissary
- Page 98: Venous Sinuses
- Page 99: Deep Venous Drainage of the Brain
- Page 100: Deep Venous Drainage of the Brain: Relationship to the Ventricles
- Page 101: Carotid Venograms: Venous Phase
- Page 103: Venous Drainage of the Brain Stem and the Cerebellum
- Page 104: Venous Drainage of the Spinal Cord
- Page 106: Formation of the Neural Plate, Neural Tube, and Neural Crest
- Page 107: Neurulation
- Page 108: Neural Tube Development and Neural Crest Formation
- Page 109: Development of Peripheral Axons
- Page 110: Somatic Versus Splanchnic Nerve Development
- Page 111: Limb Rotation and Dermatomes
- Page 112: Neural Proliferation and Differentiation: Walls of the Neural Tube
- Page 113: Neural Tube and Neural Crest Derivatives
- Page 114: Early Brain Development: The 28-Day-Old Embryo
- Page 115: Early Brain Development: The 36-Day-Old Embryo
- Page 116: Early Brain Development: The 49-Day-Old Embryo and the 3-Month-Old Embryo
- Page 117: Forebrain Development: 7 Weeks through 3 Months
- Page 118: The 6-Month and 9-Month Central Nervous System
- Page 119: Comparison of 5-1/2 Week and Adult Central Nervous System Regions
- Page 120: Alar and Basal Plate Derivatives in the Brain Stem
- Page 121: Adult Derivatives of the Forebrain, Midbrain, and Hindbrain
- Page 122: Cranial Nerve Primordia
- Page 123: Cranial Nerve Neuron Components
- Page 124: Development of Motor and Preganglionic Autonomic Nuclei in the Brain Stem and Spinal Cord
- Page 125: Development of the Eye and Orbit
- Page 127: Development of the Pituitary Gland
- Page 128: Development of the Ventricles
- Page 129: Development of the Fourth Ventricle
- Page 130: Neural Tube Defects
- Page 131: Defects of the Brain and Skull
Regional Neuroscience
- Page 136: Schematic of the Spinal Cord with Sensory, Motor, and Autonomic Components of Peripheral Nerves
- Page 138: Peripheral Nerve Injury and Degeneration in a Compression Neuropathy
- Page 139: Relationship of Spinal Nerve Roots to Vertebrae
- Page 141: Sensory Channels: Lemniscal
- Page 142: Motor Channels: Basic Organization of Lower and Upper Motor Neurons
- Page 143: Autonomic Channels
- Page 144: Cutaneous Receptors
- Page 145: Pacinian Corpuscles
- Page 146: Interoceptors
- Page 147: Skin and its Nerves
- Page 148: The Neuromuscular Junction and Neurotransmission
- Page 149: Neuroeffector Junctions
- Page 150: Dermatomal Distribution
- Page 151: Cutaneous Nerves of the Head and Neck
- Page 152: Cervical Plexus In Situ
- Page 153: Cervical Plexus
- Page 154: Phrenic Nerve
- Page 155: Thoracic Nerves
- Page 156: Brachial Plexus
- Page 157: Dermatomes of the Upper Limb
- Page 158: Cutaneous Innervation of the Upper Limb
- Page 159: The Scapular, Axillary, and Radial Nerves Above the Elbow
- Page 160: Radial Nerve in the Forearm
- Page 161: Musculocutaneous Nerve
- Page 162: Median Nerve
- Page 164: Ulnar Nerve
- Page 165: Lumbar Plexus
- Page 166: Sacral and Coccygeal Plexuses
- Page 167: Femoral and Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerves
- Page 168: Obturator Nerve
- Page 169: Sciatic and Posterior Femoral Cutaneous Nerves
- Page 170: Tibial Nerve
- Page 171: Common Peroneal Nerve
- Page 172: General Schema
- Page 173: Autonomic Innervation of the Immune System and Metabolic Organs
- Page 174: Reflex Pathways
- Page 175: Cholinergic and Adrenergic Synapses
- Page 176: Schematic of Cholinergic and Adrenergic Distribution to Motor and Autonomic Structures
- Page 177: Autonomic Distribution to the Head and Neck: Medial View
- Page 178: Autonomic Distribution to the Head and Neck: Lateral View
- Page 179: Schematic of Autonomic Distribution to the Head and Neck
- Page 180: Autonomic Distribution to the Eye
- Page 181: Autonomic Innervation of the Nasal Cavity
- Page 182: Schematic of the Pterygopalatine and Submandibular Ganglia
- Page 183: Schematic of the Otic Ganglion
- Page 184: Innervation of the Limbs
- Page 185: Thoracic Sympathetic Chain and Splanchnic Nerves
- Page 186: Innervatin of the Tracheobronchial Tree
- Page 187: Innervation of the Heart
- Page 188: Abdominal Nerves and Ganglia
- Page 189: Nerves of the Esophagus
- Page 190: Innervation of the Stomach and Proximal Duodenum
- Page 191: Nerves of the Stomach and Duodenum
- Page 192: Innervatino of the Small and Large Intestines
- Page 193: Nerves of the Small Intestine
- Page 194: Nerves of the Large Intestine
- Page 195: Enteric Nervous System: Longitudinal View
- Page 196: Enteric Nervous System: Cross-Sectional View
- Page 197: Autonomic Innervation of the Liver and Biliary Tract
- Page 198: Autonomic Innervatin of the Pancreas
- Page 200: Innervation of the Adrenal Gland
- Page 201: Autonomic Pelvic Nerves and Ganglia
- Page 202: Nerves of the Kidneys, Ureters, and Urinary Bladder
- Page 203: Innervation of the Kidneys and Upper Ureter
- Page 204: Innervation of the Urinary Bladder and Lower Ureter
- Page 205: Innervation of the Male Reproductive Organs
- Page 206: Innervation of the Femal Reproductive Organs
- Page 208: Cytoarchitecture of the Spinal Cord Gray Matter
- Page 209: Spinal Cord Levels: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, and Sacral
- Page 210: Spinal Cord Levels: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, and Sacral
- Page 211: Spinal Cord Levels: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, and Sacral
- Page 212: Spinal Cord Levels: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, and Sacral
- Page 214: Spinal Cord Lower Motor Neuron Organization and Control
- Page 215: Spinal Somatic Reflex Pathways
- Page 216: Muscle and Joint Receptors and Muscle Spindles
- Page 217: The Muscle Stretch Reflex and Its Central Control Via Gamma Motor Neurons
- Page 220: Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 1
- Page 221: Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 2
- Page 222: Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 3
- Page 223: Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 4
- Page 224: Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 5
- Page 225: Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 6
- Page 226: Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 7
- Page 227: Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 8
- Page 228: Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 9
- Page 229: Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 10
- Page 230: Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 11
- Page 231: Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 12
- Page 232: Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 13
- Page 233: Brain Stem Cross-Sectional Anatomy: Section 14
- Page 234: Cranial Nerves: Schematic of Distribution of Sensory, Motor, and Autonomic Fibers
- Page 235: Cranial Nerves and Their Nuclei: Schematic View From Above
- Page 236: Cranial Nerves and Their Nuclei: Schematic Lateral View
- Page 237: Nerves of the Orbit
- Page 239: Extraocular Nerves (III, IV, and VI) and the Ciliary Ganglion: View in Relation to the Eye
- Page 240: Trigeminal Nerve (V)
- Page 242: Innervation of Teeth
- Page 243: Facial Nerve (VII)
- Page 244: Facial Nerve Branches and the Parotid Gland
- Page 245: Vestibulocochlear Nerve (VIII)
- Page 246: Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX)
- Page 247: Accessory Nerve (XI)
- Page 248: Vagus Nerve (X)
- Page 250: Hypoglossal Nerve (XII)
- Page 251: Reticular Formation: General Pattern of Nuclei in the Brain Stem
- Page 252: Reticular Formation: Nuclei and Areas in the Brain Stem and Diencephalon
- Page 253: Major Afferent and Efferent Connections to the Reticular Formation
- Page 254: Sleep-Wakefulness Control
- Page 255: Cerebellar Organiation: Lobes and Regions
- Page 256: Cerebellar Anatomy: Lobules
- Page 257: Cerebellar Anatomy: Deep Nuclei and Cerebellar Peduncles
- Page 266: Axial (Horiontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 1 - Mid Pons
- Page 268: Axial (Horiontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 2 - Rostral Pons
- Page 270: Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 3 - Midbrain
- Page 272: Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 4 - Rostral Midbrain and Hypothalamus
- Page 274: Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 5 - Anterior Commissure and Caudal Thalamus
- Page 276: Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 6 - Caudate and Mid Thalamus
- Page 277: Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 6 - Caudate and Mid Thalamus
- Page 278: Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 7 - Basal Ganglia and Internal Capsule
- Page 279: Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 7 - Basal Ganglia and Internal Capsule
- Page 280: Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 8 - Dorsal Caudate, Splenium, and Genu of Corpus Callosum
- Page 281: Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 8 - Dorsal Caudate, Splenium, and Genu of Corpus Callosum
- Page 282: Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 9 - Body of Corpus Callosum
- Page 283: Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 9 - Body of Corpus Callosum
- Page 284: Axial (Horizontal) Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 10 - Centrum Semiovale
- Page 286: Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 1 - Genu of Corpus Callosum
- Page 288: Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 2 - Head of Caudate Nucleus and Nucleus Accumbens
- Page 290: Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 3 - Anterior Commissure and Columns of Fornix
- Page 292: Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 4 - Amygdala, Anterior Limb of Internal Capsule
- Page 294: Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 5 - Mammillary Body
- Page 296: Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 6 - Mammillothalamic Tract and Substantia Nigra, Rostral Hippocampus
- Page 298: Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 7 - Midthalamus
- Page 300: Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 8 - Geniculate Nuclei
- Page 302: Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 9 - Caudal Pulvinar and Superior Colliculus
- Page 304: Coronal Sections Through the Forebrain: Level 10 - Splenium of Corpus Callosum
- Page 306: Layers of the Cerebral Cortex
- Page 307: Cortical Neuronal Cell Types
- Page 308: Vertical Columns: Functional Units of the Cerebral Cortex
- Page 309: Efferent Connections of the Cerebral Cortex
- Page 310: Neuronal Origins of Efferent Connections of the Cerebral Cortex
- Page 311: Cortical Association Pathways
- Page 312: Major Cortical Association Bundles
- Page 316: Noradrenergic Pathways
- Page 317: Serotonergic Pathways
- Page 318: Dopaminergic Pathways
- Page 319: Central Cholinergic Pathways
- Page 320: The Olfactory Nerve and Nerves of the Nose
- Page 324: Somatosensory Afferents to the Spinal Cord
- Page 325: Spinal Somatic Reflex Actions and Pathways
- Page 326: Somatosensory System: Spinocerebellar Pathways
- Page 327: Somatosensory System: The Dorsal Column System and Epicritic Modalities
- Page 328: Somatosensory System: The Spinothalamic and Spinoreticular Systems and Protopathic Modalities
- Page 330: Spinothalamic and Spinoreticular Nociceptive Processing in the Spinal Cord
- Page 331: Mechanisms of Neuropathic Pain and Sympathetically Maintained Pain
- Page 332: Descending Control of Ascending Somatosensory Systems
- Page 333: Trigeminal Sensory and Associated Sensory Systems
- Page 334: Anatomy of Taste Buds and Their Receptors
- Page 335: Taste Pathways
- Page 336: Peripheral Pathways for Sound Reception
- Page 337: Bony and Membranous Labyrinths
- Page 338: VIII Nerve Innervation of Hair Cells of the Organ of Corti
- Page 339: Cochlear Receptors
- Page 340: Afferent Auditory Pathways
- Page 341: Centrifugal (Efferent) Auditory Pathways
- Page 342: Vestibular Receptors
- Page 344: Vestibular Pathways
- Page 345: Nystagmus
- Page 346: Anatomy of the Eye
- Page 351: Arteries and Veins of the Eye
- Page 352: Anatomy and Relations of Optic Chiasm
- Page 353: Visual Pathways: Retinal Projections to the Thalamus, Hypothalamus, and Brain Stem
- Page 354: Visual Pathway: The Retino-Geniculo-Calcarine Pathway
- Page 355: Visual Pathways in the Parietal and Temporal Lobes
- Page 356: Visual System Lesions
- Page 358: Alpha and Gamma Lower Motor Neurons
- Page 360: Distribution of Lower Motor Neurons in the Brain Stem
- Page 361: Cortical Efferent Pathways
- Page 363: Corticobulbar Tract
- Page 364: Corticospinal Tract
- Page 365: Corticospinal Tract Terminations in the Spinal Cord
- Page 366: Rubrospinal Tract
- Page 369: Vestibulospinal Tracts
- Page 370: Reticulospinal and Corticoreticular Pathways
- Page 371: Tectospinal Tract and Interstitiospinal Tract
- Page 372: Spinal Cord Terminations of Major Descending Upper Motor Neuron Tracts
- Page 373: Central Control of Eye Movements
- Page 374: Central Control of Respiration
- Page 375: Functional Subdivisions of the Cerebellum
- Page 376: Cerebellar Neuronal Circuitry
- Page 377: Circuit Diagrams of Afferent Connections in the Cerebellum
- Page 378: Afferent Pathways to the Cerebellum
- Page 379: Cerebellar Efferent Pathways
- Page 380: Cerebellovestibular and Vestibulocerebellar Pathways
- Page 381: Schematic Diagrams of Efferent Pathways from the Cerebellum to Upper Motor Neuronal Systems
- Page 382: Connections of the Basal Ganglia
- Page 388: General Organization of the Autonomic Nervous System
- Page 390: General Anatomy of the Hypothalamus
- Page 391: Sections Through the Hypothalamus: Preoptic and Supraoptic Zones
- Page 392: Sections Through the Hypothalamus: Tuberal Zone
- Page 393: Sections Through the Hypothlamus: Mammillary Zone
- Page 394: Schematic Reconstruction of the Hypothalamus
- Page 395: Forebrain Regions Associated with the Hypothalamus
- Page 396: Afferent and Efferent Pathways Associated with the Hypothalamus
- Page 400: Paraventricular Nucleus of the Hypothalamus: Regulation of Pituitary Neurohormonal Outflow, Autonomic Preganglionic Outflow, and Limbic Activity
- Page 401: Mechanisms of Cytokine Influences on the Hypothalamus and Other Brain Regions and on Behavior
- Page 402: Circumventricular Organs
- Page 403: The Hypophyseal Portal Vasculature
- Page 404: Regulation of Anterior Pituitary Hormone Secretion
- Page 405: Posterior Pituitary (Neurohypophyseal) Hormones: Oxytocin and Vasopressin
- Page 406: Vasopressin (Antidiuretic Hormone) Regulation of Water Balance and Fluid Osmolality
- Page 407: The Hypothalamus and Thermoregulation
- Page 408: Short-Term Regulation of Blood Pressure
- Page 409: Long-Term Regulation of Blood Pressure
- Page 410: Neural Control of Appetite and Hunger
- Page 411: Neural and Neuroendocrine Roles in the Fight-Or-Flight Response
- Page 412: Neuroimmunomodulation
- Page 413: Anatomy of the Limbic Forebrain
- Page 414: Hippocampal Formation: General Anatomy
- Page 415: Neuronal Connections in the Hippocampal Formation
- Page 416: Major Afferent and Efferent Connections of the Hippocampal Formation
- Page 417: Major Afferent Connections of the Amygdala
- Page 418: Major Efferent Connections of the Amygdala
- Page 419: Summary of Major Afferents, Efferents, and Interconnections of the Amygdala
- Page 420: Major Afferent and Efferent Connections of the Septal Nuclei
- Page 421: Major Connections of the Cingulate Cortex
- Page 422: Olfactory Receptors
- Page 423: Olfactory Pathways