Gastroenterology - Floch 2E
Author: Martin H. Floch, Neil R. Floch, Kris V. Kowdley, and C.S. Pitchumon
ISBN: 9781437701210
- Page 4: Regional Anatomy of Diaphragm, Stomach, and Esophagus
- Page 5: Topography and Constrictions of Esophagus
- Page 6: Musculature of the Esophagus
- Page 7: Pharyngoesphageal Junction
- Page 9: Arteries of the Esophagus
- Page 11: Veins of the Esophagus
- Page 13: Nerves of the Esophagus
- Page 15: Enteric Plexuses
- Page 17: Histology of the Esophagus
- Page 19: Gastroesophageal Junction
- Page 20: Diaphragm: Hiatus and Crura
- Page 22: Deglutition: Oral and Pharyngeal
- Page 24: Deglutition: Esophageal
- Page 26: Neuroregulation of Deglutition
- Page 29: Congenital Anomalies of the Esophagus
- Page 32: Schatzki Esophageal Ring Formation
- Page 34: Plummer-Vinson Syndrome
- Page 36: Esophageal Spasm Syndromes
- Page 40: Achalasia (Cardiospasm or Achalasia Cardiae)
- Page 43: Esophageal Diverticula
- Page 47: Foreign Bodies in the Esophagus
- Page 48: Caustic Injury of the Esophagus
- Page 50: Rupture and Perforation of the Esophagus
- Page 54: Esophageal Varicosities
- Page 56: Esophageal Tests
- Page 60: Acute and Chronic Esophagitis
- Page 62: Complications of Peptic Reflux (Esophagitis and Stricture)
- Page 64: Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Page 67: Esophageal Stricture
- Page 69: Type I: Sliding Hiatal Hernia
- Page 70: Paraesophageal Hernias
- Page 75: Barrett Esophagus
- Page 78: Benign Neoplasms
- Page 80: Malignant Tumors: Upper and Middle Portions of the Esophagus
- Page 82: Malignant Tumors: Lower End of the Esophagus
- Page 88: Anatomy, Normal Variations, and Relations of the Stomach
- Page 90: Anatomy and Relations of the Duodenum
- Page 92: Mucosa of the Stomach
- Page 94: Duodenal Bulb and the Mucosal Surface of the Duodenum
- Page 96: Collateral Circulation of Upper Abdominal Organs
- Page 99: Lymphatic Drainage of the Stomach
- Page 100: Innervation of the Stomach and Duodenum
- Page 103: Mechanisms of Gastric Secretion
- Page 105: Factors Influencing Gastric Activity
- Page 107: Digestive Activity of the Stomach
- Page 109: Gastric Analysis
- Page 111: Effects of Drugs on Gastric Function
- Page 112: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy and Endoscopic Ultrasound
- Page 115: Coated Tongue and Halitosis
- Page 117: Aerophagia and Eructation
- Page 119: Motility of the Stomach
- Page 121: Gastroparesis and Gastric Motility Disorders
- Page 123: Pyloric Obstruction and the Effects of Vomiting
- Page 126: Nausea and Vomiting
- Page 130: Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis
- Page 132: Gastric Diverticula and Gastroduodenal Prolapse
- Page 134: Diverticula of the Duodenum
- Page 135: Diagnosis and Treatment of Functional Dyspepsia
- Page 138: Etiology and Pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori Infection
- Page 141: Gastritis
- Page 143: Erosive Gastritis with Acute Gastric Ulcers
- Page 144: Subacute and Chronic Gastric Ulcers
- Page 146: Duodenal Ulcers
- Page 149: Complications of Gastric and Duodenal Ulcers
- Page 152: Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage
- Page 155: Therapeutic Endoscopy
- Page 157: Benign Gastric Tumors
- Page 159: Gastric Lymphoma and Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (MALT) Tumor
- Page 162: Cancers of the Stomach
- Page 165: Tumors of the Duodenum
- Page 167: Principles of Gastric Surgery
- Page 169: Treatment of Morbid Obesity
- Page 174: Complications of Bariatric Surgery
- Page 178: Postgastrectomy Dumping Syndrome
- Page 181: Effects of Total Gastrectomy
- Page 186: Anterior Abdominal Wall: Intermediate Dissection
- Page 188: Abdominal Wall and Viscera: Median (Sagittal) Section
- Page 189: Peritoneum
- Page 191: Pelvic Fascia and Perineopelvic Spaces
- Page 194: Inguinal Region: Dissections
- Page 195: Inguinal Canal and Spermatic Cord
- Page 197: Regions and Planes of the Abdomen
- Page 198: Abdominal Wall and Cavity: Congenital Abnormalities
- Page 200: Acute Abdomen
- Page 202: Alimentary Tract Obstruction
- Page 205: Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion
- Page 207: Arteries of Posterior Abdominal Wall
- Page 210: Acute Peritonitis
- Page 212: Chronic Peritonitis
- Page 214: Cancer of the Peritoneum
- Page 217: Benign Paroxysmal Peritonitis or Familial Mediterranean Fever
- Page 219: Abdominal Wounds of the Small Intestine
- Page 221: Abdominal Wounds of the Colon
- Page 223: Indirect and Direct Inguinal Hernias
- Page 227: Anatomy of Femoral Hernia
- Page 229: Abdominal Wall: Ventral Hernias
- Page 231: Lumbar, Obturator, Sciatic, and Perineal Hernias
- Page 232: Internal Hernias: Congenital Intraperitoneal Hernias
- Page 236: Topography and Relations of the Small Intestine
- Page 238: Gross Structure of the Small Intestine
- Page 240: Microscopic Structure of the Small Intestine
- Page 242: Ileocecal Region
- Page 244: Digestion of Protein
- Page 245: Digestion of Carbohydrates
- Page 248: Example of Gastrointestinal Hormone Physiology
- Page 250: Imaging Studies of the Small Intestine
- Page 251: Wireless Capsule Endoscopy
- Page 254: Arterial Circulation of the Small Intestine
- Page 255: Venous Drainage of the Small Intestine
- Page 257: Innervation of the Intestines
- Page 258: Intestinal Innervation: Efferent and Afferent Pathways and Plexuses
- Page 262: Visceral Reflexes
- Page 264: Congenital Intestinal Abnormalities, Including Malrotation of the Colon with Volvulus of the Midgut
- Page 266: Meckel Diverticulum (Vitelline Duct Remnants)
- Page 268: Diverticula of the Small Intestine
- Page 270: Motility and Dysmotility of the Small Intestine
- Page 272: Obstruction and Adynamic Ileus of the Small Intestine
- Page 274: Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction
- Page 278: Irritable Bowel Syndrome
- Page 281: Evaluation of the Small Bowel
- Page 284: Lactose Intolerance
- Page 287: Categories of Diarrhea and Causes
- Page 291: Malabsorption and Celiac Disease: Primary and Secondary Malabsorption
- Page 292: Signs and Symptoms of Malabsorption
- Page 295: Whipple Disease
- Page 296: Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth
- Page 299: Short Bowel Syndrome
- Page 301: Intestinal Disturbances Resulting From Food Allergy
- Page 304: Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis
- Page 307: Intussusception of the Small Intestine
- Page 309: Benign Tumors of the Small Intestine
- Page 310: Complications of Benign Intestinal Tumors
- Page 311: Malignant Tumors of the Small Intestine
- Page 314: Carcinoid Syndrome and Neuroendocrine Tumors
- Page 317: Physiology of Gastroenteric Stomas
- Page 322: Topography and Structure of the Colon
- Page 325: Typical Sigmoid Colon and Variations
- Page 326: Rectum From the Rectosigmoid Junction to the Anal Verge
- Page 327: Histology of the Anal Canal
- Page 329: Anorectal Musculature: Continuity With Sigmoid and Cross Section
- Page 330: Anorectal Musculature: Pelvic Floor
- Page 332: Vascular, Lymphatic, and Nerve Supply of the Large Intestine
- Page 333: Vascular, Lymphatic, and Nerve Supply of the Large Intestine
- Page 336: Secretory, Digestive, and Absorptive Functions of the Colon and Colonic Flora
- Page 339: How Probiotics Assist in Digestion and Affect the Large Intestine
- Page 342: Anoscopic, Sigmoidoscopic, and Colonoscopic Views of Normal Intestinal Structures and Various Lesions
- Page 343: Anoscopy, Sigmoidoscopy, and Colonoscopy
- Page 344: Laparoscopy (Peritoneoscopy)
- Page 347: Examination of the Stool
- Page 348: Bristol Stool Form Scale
- Page 350: Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage: Causes and Manifestations
- Page 353: Motility and Dysmotility of the Large Intestine
- Page 354: Sequence of Events Leading to the Act of Defecation
- Page 355: Neuronal Functions and Anatomic Correlations in Defecation
- Page 358: Pathophysiology of Defecation
- Page 361: Functional and Organic Causes of Constipation
- Page 363: Effects of Drugs on the Large Intestine
- Page 365: Megacolon (Hirschsprung Disease)
- Page 368: Volvulus of the Sigmoid Colon
- Page 369: Volvulus of the Cecum
- Page 371: Variation in Position and Diseases of the Appendix
- Page 374: Colonoscopic View of Diverticula
- Page 376: Diverticulitis
- Page 379: Ulcerative Colitis: Sigmoidoscopic and Radiographic Appearance and Advanced Disease
- Page 381: Ulcerative Colitis: Extraintestinal Manifestations and Complications
- Page 384: Ulcerative Colitis: Histologic Diagnosis and Dysplasia
- Page 387: Ulcerative Colitis: Surgical Treatment
- Page 389: Ileostomy and Colostomy
- Page 391: Ileal Pouch Anal Anastomosis and Pouchitis
- Page 394: Differentiating Features of Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease
- Page 397: Crohn's Disease (Regional Enteritis)
- Page 399: Crohn's Disease: Complications
- Page 402: Crohn's Disease: Perianal Disease
- Page 407: Microscopic Colitis: Lymphocytic and Collagenous
- Page 410: Neoplasms of the Large Bowel: Colon Polyps
- Page 412: Neoplasms of the Large Bowel: Screening Techniques and Treatment of Colon Polyps
- Page 414: Familial Polyposis of the Large Intestine
- Page 417: Clinical Manifestations of Colorectal Cancer
- Page 419: Typical Surgical Resections of Colon Cancer and Management of Colorectal Metastasis
- Page 422: Rectal Cancer
- Page 424: Hemorrhoids
- Page 426: Rectal Prolapse and Procidentia
- Page 428: Anal Fissure and Pruritus Ani
- Page 431: Anorectal Abscesses and Fistulae
- Page 434: Lymphogranuloma Venereum
- Page 437: Fecal Incontinence
- Page 444: Typhoid Fever: Transmission and Pathologic Lesions
- Page 445: Typhoid Fever: Clinical and Laboratory Diagnostic Features
- Page 447: Food Poisoning: Infection Type
- Page 448: Food Poisoning: Toxin Type
- Page 453: Gastrointestinal Tuberculosis: Pathways of Infection and Routes of Spread
- Page 456: Abdominal Actinomycosis
- Page 457: Amebiasis: Fecal-Oral Spread of Disease
- Page 460: Giardia Iamblia and Other Protozoans
- Page 463: Trichuriasis: Life Cycle of Trichuris Nematode Helmith (Whipworm)
- Page 465: Enterobiasis: Life Cycle of Enterobius vermicularis Nematode (Pinworm)
- Page 467: Ascariasis: Life Cycle of Ascaris lumbricoides
- Page 469: Strongyloidiasis: Life Cycle of Strongyloides Stercoralis
- Page 471: Hookworm Disease: Life Cycle of Necator Americanus (Necatoriasis) and Ancylostoma Duodenale (Ancylostomiasis)
- Page 473: Beef Tapeworm Infection: Life Cycle of Taenia saginata Cestode
- Page 475: Pork Tapeworm Infection: Life Cycle of Taenia solium
- Page 477: Dwarf Tapeworm Infection: Life Cycle of Hymenolepis nana
- Page 479: Fish Tapeworm Infection: Life Cycle of Diphyllobothrium latum
- Page 481: Ova of Helminth Parasites and Pseudoparasites and Rhabditiform Larvae (inset)
- Page 484: Sites of HIV/AIDS Complications in the Gastrointestinal Tract
- Page 490: Development and Anatomy of the Pancreas
- Page 491: Anatomy of the Pancreas
- Page 493: Pancreatic Ducts and Variations
- Page 495: Normal Secretory Functions of the Pancreas
- Page 497: Cystic Fibrosis: Clinical Features and Pancreatic Histology
- Page 499: Acute Pancreatitis: Early Stage, Advanced Disease, and Necrosis
- Page 502: Acute Pancreatitis: CT Images of Mild and Moderately Severe Disease
- Page 504: Complications of Acute Pancreatitis: CT Images of Necrosis and Pseudocysts
- Page 506: Chronic Pancreatitis
- Page 509: Chronic and Autoimmune Pancreatitis
- Page 512: Pancreatic Cancer: Clinical Features
- Page 513: Pancreatic Cancer: Advanced Disease, Including Histology and Mestastases
- Page 515: Cystic Tumors: Serous Cystadenoma of the Pancreas
- Page 516: Cystic Tumors: Cystadenoma and Cystadenocarcinoma
- Page 518: Pancreatic Neuroendocrine (Islet Cell) Tumors: Adenoma and Carcinoma
- Page 524: Gallblader and Bile Ducts: Anatomy and Histology
- Page 526: Gallstones: Pathogenesis of Stone Formation
- Page 528: Acute Calculous Cholecystitis
- Page 531: Complications of Cholecystitis
- Page 533: Mechanisms of Biliary Plain
- Page 535: Calculous Obstruction of the Common Bile Duct (Choledocholithiasis)
- Page 536: Management of Stones
- Page 537: Variations in Ductal Anatomy in Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction
- Page 540: Gallbladder Cancer
- Page 542: Neoplastic Obstruction of the Bile Ducts
- Page 546: Topography of the Liver
- Page 548: Surfaces and Bed of the Liver
- Page 550: Lesser Omentum and Variations in Form of the Liver
- Page 552: Cell Types Within the Liver
- Page 553: Hepatic Architecture
- Page 554: Vascular Ductal Relations and Liver Lobules
- Page 555: Intrahepatic Biliary System
- Page 557: Vessel and Duct Distributions and Liver Segments
- Page 559: Arterial Blood Supply of the Liver, Biliary System, and Pancreas
- Page 560: Arterial Blood Supply of the Liver, Biliary System, and Pancreas
- Page 562: Variations in the Origin and Course of the Hepatic Artery and Its Branches
- Page 564: Portal Vein Tributaries and Portacaval Anastomoses
- Page 566: Portal Vein Variations and Anomalies
- Page 570: Prothrombin Formation: Normal, Obstructive Jaundice, and Liver Cell Damage
- Page 572: Bile Acid Circulation and Metabolism: Enterohepatic Circulation and Cellular Mechanisms of Metabolism
- Page 573: Hepatic Protein and Bile Acid Metabolism: Normal Serum Protein and Clotting Factors and Cholestasis
- Page 574: Hepatobiliary Transporters in Liver and Extraheptic Tissues
- Page 576: Clinical Manifestations of Cirrhosis
- Page 578: Physical Diagnosis of Liver Disease
- Page 580: Causes of Portal Hypertension
- Page 582: Causes of Ascites: Heart Failure, Portal Hypertension, and Hepatic Insufficiency
- Page 584: Hepatic Encephalopathy: Clinical Manifestations
- Page 586: Hepatorenal Syndrome: Survival Comparison for Types 1 and 2
- Page 589: Clinical Measurement of Portal Hypertension
- Page 590: Ligation Techniques
- Page 591: Surgical Procedures to Relieve Portal Hypertension
- Page 593: Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt
- Page 595: Liver Biopsy: Percutaneous Suction and Laparoscopic Techniques
- Page 598: Histologic Views of Hepatic Necrosis: Focal, Central, Submassive, Massive, and Collapse
- Page 600: Vascular Changes in Cirrhosis
- Page 601: Patterns of Cirrhosis
- Page 604: Percutaneous Cholangiography and Endoscopic and Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography Imaging Studies of the Liver
- Page 605: Magnetic Resonance Elastography to Stage Hepatic Fibrosis
- Page 607: Alcoholic Liver Disease
- Page 608: Fatty Liver With Acute Hepatic Failure and Florid Cirrhosis
- Page 609: Septal Cirrhosis
- Page 611: Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
- Page 612: Liver Disease Caused by Malnutrition
- Page 614: Mechanism and Types of Extrahepatic Biliary Obstruction
- Page 615: Liver and Histologic Stages in Extrahepatic Biliary Obstruction
- Page 616: Mechanical Decompression Techniques for Biliary Obstruction
- Page 618: Pathologic Features of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
- Page 619: Clinical Features of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
- Page 620: Histologic Features of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
- Page 621: Natural History of Cholestasis
- Page 622: Differential Diagnosis
- Page 624: Pathologic Features of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
- Page 625: Clinical Manifestations of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
- Page 627: Autoimmune Hepatitis
- Page 629: Viral Hepatitis: Acute Form
- Page 630: Viral Hepatitis: Acute Massive Necrosis
- Page 631: Viral Hepatitis: Subacute Fatal Form
- Page 632: Typical Serologic Course of Acute Hepatitis B with Recovery
- Page 633: Management of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus
- Page 636: Clinical Picture of Hepatitis C Infection
- Page 638: Hepatitis Caused by Other Viruses: Infectious Mononucleosis and Yellow Fever
- Page 640: Drug-induced Hepatic Injuries
- Page 641: Hepatotoxicity: Gross and Histologic Findings
- Page 643: Congenital and Familial Hyperbilirubinemia
- Page 646: Secondary Iron Overload and Hereditary Hemochromatosis
- Page 649: Liver Disease in Pregnancy
- Page 652: Nodular Liver Lesions: Focal Nodular Hyperplasia and Cavernous Hemangioma
- Page 653: Granulomatous Liver Diseases: Gross and Histologic Appearance
- Page 655: Sarcoidosis Sites and Histology of Liver Granulomas
- Page 657: Hepatic Amebiasis: Pathways and Liver Abscess Stages
- Page 659: Wilson Disease
- Page 661: Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Gross and Histologic Features, and Spread of Primary Carcinoma Within the Liver
- Page 663: Liver Transplantation: Indications and Technique
- Page 666: Spirochetal Infections: Weil Syndrome and Syphilis
- Page 668: Actinomycosis
- Page 670: Echinococcosis (Hydatid Disease)
- Page 672: Schistosomiasis
- Page 674: The Liver in Heart Failure: Cardiac Liver and Shock
- Page 676: Portal Venous Obstruction
- Page 679: Bile Duct Carcinoma of Liver
- Page 680: Bile Duct Cancer: Benign Papilloma and Carcinomas
- Page 682: Metastatic Liver Cancer
- Page 684: Types of Hepatic Trauma
- Page 688: Dietary and Nutritional Assessment
- Page 692: Micronutrient and Vitamin Deficiencies
- Page 693: Micronutrient and Vitamin Deficiencies
- Page 701: Eating Disorders: Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia
- Page 703: Obesity